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A government shutdown occurs when
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when Congress fails to pass the 12 annual appropriations bills that fund government operations before the start of the new fiscal year.
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Without these bills, federal agencies cannot spend or obligate any money without an appropriation (or other approval) from Congress.
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Government shutdowns can have a significant negative impact on the economy. They can lead to job losses, lost wages, and a decline in economic activity.
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For example, the 2018-2019 government shutdown lasted for 35 days and cost the US economy an estimated $11 billion. It also led to the furlough of over 800,000 federal employees.
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